LEGION PULSE PRE-WORKOUT – ALL ORDERS $99 & UP SHIP FREE !

$39.99

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Description

LEGION PULSE PRE-WORKOUT

Get the only[1] naturally sweetened and flavored[2] pre-workout supplement with clinically effective doses[3] of 6 ingredients scientifically shown[4] to increase energy, focus, strength, endurance and power and reduce fatigue . . . without the jitters, upset stomach, or post-workout crash.[5]

  • 54 peer-reviewed scientific studies support Pulse’s combination of clean ingredients and doses[6]
  • Contains no artificial sweeteners, flavors, food dyes, or other unnecessary junk[7]
  • Analyzed for purity and potency in a state-of-the-art ISO 17025 accredited lab[8]

Legion Pulse Ingredients (15.1 grams per serving)

Caffeine is a naturally occurring substance found in many plants native to Africa, East Asia, and South America, including various kinds of tea, cocoa, and coffee.

Caffeine’s primary effects in the body are to stimulate the central nervous system and block the activity of another chemical—adenosine—that causes tiredness.

Research shows that supplementation with caffeine . . .

The clinically effective dose of caffeine for enhancing energy, focus, and performance is between 1 and 6 milligrams per kilogram of body weight.[29][30][31]

L-theanine is an amino acid found primarily in tea that helps balance the levels of two chemicals in the brain—glutamate and GABA—that transmit nerve impulses and affect mood, cognitive performance, and more.

Research shows that supplementation with L-theanine . . .

  • Reduces the effects of mental stress[32]
  • Promotes relaxation[33]
  • Improves mood, memory performance, and attention (when paired with caffeine)[34][35][36][37]
  • Increases the production of nitric oxide (which improves blood flow)[38]

The clinically effective dose of L-theanine when combined with caffeine is between a ratio of 1:1 and 2:1 theanine to caffeine.

Citrulline malate is the amino acid L-citrulline bound with malic acid, a substance found in many fruits that is involved in the creation of cellular energy.

L-citrulline turns into another amino acid in the body known as L-arginine, which increases the production of a gas known as nitric oxide that widens blood vessels and improves blood flow.[39][40]

This is why research shows that supplementation with citrulline malate . . .

The clinically effective dose of citrulline malate is between 4 and 10 grams.

Beta-alanine is a naturally occurring amino acid that regulates the amount of the molecule carnosine that can be stored in the muscles.[47]

Carnosine reduces muscle acidity, which increases the amount of work that muscles can do before they become fatigued.[48]

This is why research shows that supplementation with beta-alanine . . .

The clinically effective dose of beta-alanine is between 2.6 and 6.4 grams.

We chose to include 3.6 grams of beta-alanine per serving because it provides significant performance benefits while also minimizing the common and harmless side effect of a mild prickling, itching, or tingling of the skin.[63]

Alpha-glycerophosphocholine (also known as alpha-GPC and glycerophosphocholine) is a compound that contains two molecules known as choline and glycerophosphate.

Choline is a nutrient that’s vital for brain health and function, and glycerophosphate is a substance that helps transport choline to the brain.

When ingested, alpha-GPC increases the activity of a chemical in the brain known as acetylcholine, which is used by nerves to communicate with each other, and provides the brain with glycerophosphate, which can improve its health and function.

This is why research shows that supplementation with alpha-GPC . . .

  • Increases power output[64]
  • Mitigates cognitive decline as we age[65]
  • Increases growth hormone levels[66]

The clinically effective dose of alpha-GPC is between 150 and 1,200 milligrams, with 250 to 500 milligrams sufficient for cognitive benefits.[67]

We chose to include 300 milligrams of alpha-GPC (50%) per serving because it’s enough to provide some benefit without eating up too much budget that we’d rather spend on other ingredients.

Furthermore, this dose reduces the likelihood of headaches in people who are using Pulse and Forge together, and especially in people who are using Pulse, Forge, and Ascend together.

Betaine (also known as trimethylglycine) is an amino acid found in various foods like beets (hence the name), spinach, and quinoa.

Betaine’s rich in a special molecule known as a methyl group, which is a vital component of many physiological functions, including DNA production, fat metabolism, cellular energy production, and more.

Betaine’s also an osmolyte, which is a substance that helps balance fluid levels inside and outside cells.

These two properties are beneficial during times of physical stress, and this is why studies show that betaine boosts muscle endurance and increases strength.[68][69]

The clinically effective dose of betaine is between 1.25 and 2.5 grams.

While artificial sweeteners may not be as dangerous as some people claim, studies suggest that regular consumption of these chemicals may indeed be harmful to our health.[70][71][72][73][74][75]

That’s why we use the natural sweeteners stevia and erythritol instead. Studies show that these ingredients are not only safe but can also confer several health benefits, including better nutrient absorption, healthy cholesterol and inflammation levels, and more.[76][77][78][79]

As with artificial sweeteners, artificial food dyes aren’t a hazard per se, but studies show they can cause negative effects in some people, including gastrointestinal toxicity and behavioral disorders.[80][81][82][83][84]

That’s why we use natural flavoring and coloring derived from fruits, plants and other foods.

Every bottle of Pulse is analyzed in a state-of-the-art ISO 17025 accredited lab to verify what is and isn’t in it. That way, you know exactly what you’re getting and putting into your body.

  • Active Ingredients
  • Clinically Effective Ingredients & Doses
  • Caffeine
  • Citrulline Malate
  • Beta-Alanine
  • Betaine
  • L-Theanine
  • Alpha-GPC
  • Naturally Sweetened
    & Flavored
  • Third-Party Lab Tested
  • Labdoor Ranking
  • Price Per Serving
  • Legion Pulse
    Pre-Workout

    Legion Pulse Pre-Workout

  • 15,100 mg
    per serving
  • true
  • 350 mg
    per serving
  • 8,000 mg
    per serving
  • 3,600 mg
    per serving
  • 2,500 mg
    per serving
  • 350 mg
    per serving
  • 300 mg
    per serving
  • true
  • true
  • A-
  • $2.25
  • Pre JYM
    Pre-Workout

    Pre JYM Pre-Workout

  • 20,955 mg
    per serving
  • close
  • 300 mg
    per serving
  • 6,000 mg
    per serving
  • 2,000 mg
    per serving
  • 1,500 mg
    per serving
  • close
  • 150 mg
    per serving
  • close
  • close
  • close
  • $1.66
  • PEScience
     Prolific Pre-Workout

    PEScience Prolific Pre-Workout

  • 10,970 mg
    per serving
  • true
  • 320 mg
    per seving
  • 6,000 mg
    per serving
  • close
  • 2,500 mg
    per serving
  • 200 mg
    per serving
  • close
  • close
  • close
  • close
  • $1.75
  • C4
    Pre-Workout

    C4 Pre-Workout

  • 4,025 mg
    pre serving
  • close
  • 150 mg
    per serving
  • close
  • 1,600 mg
    per serving
  • close
  • close
  • close
  • close
  • close
  • C-
  • $1.00

Frequently Asked Questions

How do I use Pulse?

If this is your first time using Pulse pre-workout, assess your individual tolerance by mixing 1 scoop with 10-12 ounces of water and drinking it 15-30 minutes prior to exercise. If you experience any non-optimum effects, stop and consult your doctor.

If 1 scoop is well tolerated and you want the full clinically effective dose of Legion Pulse, including 350 milligrams of caffeine, mix 2 scoops into 10-12 ounces of water, and drink it 15-30 minutes prior to exercise.

How does Pulse compare to other popular pre-workouts?

Compared to other popular pre-workouts, Legion’s pre-workout, Pulse, provides a clean rush of energy with no crash or jitters and an optimal dose of performance-enhancing ingredients to make your workouts significantly more enjoyable and productive.

The only stimulant in Pulse pre-workout is a moderate dose of caffeine, and we’ve also included a matching dose of the amino acid theanine, which makes the caffeine rush and “comedown” noticeably smoother and more enjoyable. Other pre-workouts can leave you feeling edgy and burned out.

What type of workouts is Pulse good for?

Pulse pre-workout is good for both anaerobic and aerobic workouts. It’s not just for weightlifting but for cardio and endurance training, too.

Take Legion Pulse before a weightlifting workout to see benefits like increased strength and muscle endurance. Take it before a cardio session and see benefits like increased intensity and endurance. Whatever type of exercise you do, Legion’s Pulse pre-workout helps you do it better.

Is Pulse pre-workout for men and women?

Pulse is for men and women. Keep in mind that each serving contains 350 milligrams of caffeine, which may be too much for some women (or smaller men). In those cases, ½ of a serving (which contains more active ingredients than a full serving of most other pre-workout supplements) works perfectly. Bottles last longer this way too!

Pulse is too sweet/strong tasting for me. What should I do?

If Legion Pulse is too sweet/strong tasting for you, increase the amount of water you’re using until you find an amount that works for you. (Most people like 8 to 10 ounces.)

Also, we continually tweak Pulse’s flavor profile based on customer feedback, so please let us know if you don’t like it. It helps us improve!

How many servings of Pulse can I take in one day?

We recommend you take only one serving of Pulse per day. Research shows that caffeine intake shouldn’t exceed 6 milligrams per kg of body weight per day (about 400 milligrams for the average person), and that most of the benefits are seen at moderate (not excessive) doses.

Does Pulse have any side effects?

The only side effect that sometimes surprises people is a tingling or itching sensation often felt in the hands and face. This is known as paresthesia, and is a harmless side effect of beta-alanine and isn’t an allergic reaction or cause for concern.

The reason for this phenomenon is that beta alanine happens to trigger certain neurons present in the skin that also produce feelings of itchiness and warmth.

What does the Prop65 warning on the labels mean?

Our products include a Proposition 65 warning in compliance with California’s regulatory guidelines, which are among the most stringent and sweeping in the world.

A Proposition 65 warning does not indicate whether a product is safe or unsafe. Rather, Proposition 65 is a consumer notification law in California that requires warnings to inform consumers about the presence of one or more of over 900 substances in various types of products. These substances include naturally occurring and ubiquitous compounds, even when present at levels below those known to cause harm.

Is Pulse gluten-free, vegetarian, or vegan?

Yes, Pulse is gluten-free, vegetarian, and vegan.

The #1 brand of all-natural sports supplements.

Over 5+ million bottles sold to over 1+ million customers who have left us over 45,000 5-star reviews.

Clinically Effective Ingredients & Doses

Clinically Effective Ingredients & Doses

Every ingredient and dose (important!) in Pulse is backed by peer-reviewed scientific research demonstrating clear benefits.

Naturally Sweetened & Flavored

Naturally Sweetened & Flavored

Pulse is naturally sweetened and flavored with healthy, plant-based sweeteners and flavors.

Total Label Transparency

Total Label Transparency

This means you know exactly what’s in every serving of Pulse—every dose of every ingredient—and can verify the accuracy and efficacy of the formulation.

Lab Tested

Third-Party Lab Tested

Pulse is tested by third-party labs for heavy metals, microbes, allergens, and other contaminants to ensure it meets FDA purity standards.

Made in USA

Made in the USA

Pulse is made in America with globally sourced ingredients in NSF-certified, FDA-inspected facilities that adhere to Current Good Manufacturing Practice (cGMP) standards.

If you don’t absolutely love Pulse, you get a prompt and courteous refund. No forms or returns necessary.

Trusted by scientists, doctors, and everyday fitness folk alike.

Previous

  • Chris Barakat, MS

    “Legion is the only company doing everything right. They make effective products that are backed by scientific evidence, properly dose all of their ingredients, source every ingredient from the highest-quality sources, and are transparent about exactly what goes in each and every product.”

    Chris Barakat, MS

    Published Scientist and Physique Coach

  • Sal Di Stefano, Justin Andrews, and Adam Schafer

    “When it comes to quality and integrity, Legion is among the best. Their products only include ingredients that are backed by research and in doses that are proven to be effective in scientific studies.”

    Sal Di Stefano, Justin Andrews, and Adam Schafer

    Hosts of The Mind Pump Podcast

5 star rating
motivates my workout
Helps to charge me up to get to the gym and to get it done while I’m there. I notice a slower, less energetic and lower performance workout when I miss my pre workout drink. Trust Mike Mathews and appreciate the work he does to help others become and stay fit. Love the podcasts during my warmup!

Comments by Store Owner on Review by Legion on Sat Oct 19 2024

Legion
Hey Kevin, Thanks so much! I’m really glad you’re liking Pulse and that it’s working so well for you. Your support really means a lot to us. 🙂 Please do keep me posted on any other feedback you might have! Rei K. – Team Legion
10/19/24
Was this review helpful?
0
0
Janet S.

Verified Buyer

5 star rating

Absolutely love!!!
It’s the perfect pre workout without the jitters! Gives me the boost I need to teach my fitness classes and get in a fabulous workout!

Comments by Store Owner on Review by Legion on Thu Oct 17 2024

Legion
Hey Janet, Thanks a ton for the feedback! I’m happy to hear Pulse is working well for you and we appreciate your support! If you have any more feedback you’d like to share or any questions you need help with, let me know! 🙂 Rei K. – Team Legion
10/17/24
Was this review helpful?
1
0
Heather H.

Verified Buyer

5 star rating

Let’s Go!
This product works – straight up. Powder texture allows for a good mix without clumps, taste is great, not to sweet or sour, I liked the flavor profile. I felt a kick without my heart racing, it fuels my workout in a very productive manner. 10/10 would buy again and recommend.

Comments by Store Owner on Review by Legion on Wed Oct 16 2024

Legion
Hey Heather, Thanks for the positive review! I’m glad to hear you are happy with Pulse and we really appreciate your support! If you have any more feedback you’d like to share or any questions you need help with, let me know! 🙂 Alexandra K – Team Legion
10/16/24
Was this review helpful?
1
0
Lauren C.

Verified Buyer

5 star rating

Yum!!
I think I’ve tried every pre workout on the planet and legion just hits different. Love the flavor and the energy for a great work out.

Comments by Store Owner on Review by Legion on Sun Oct 13 2024

Legion
Hey Lauren, Thanks so much! I’m really glad you’re liking Pulse pre workout. We appreciate your support! Please do keep us posted on any other feedback you might have! Igli J. – Team Legion
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16.The acute effects of a caffeine-containing supplement on strength, muscular endurance, and anaerobic capabilities.Beck TW, Housh TJ, Schmidt RJ, Johnson GO, Housh DJ, Coburn JW, Malek MH. Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Human Performance Laboratory, University of Nebraska-Lincoln. J Strength Cond Res. 2006 Aug;20(3):506-10. 

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19.Effects of caffeine intake on muscle strength and power: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Grgic J, Trexler ET, Lazinica B, Pedisic Z. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2018;15:11. Published 2018 Mar 5. doi:10.1186/s12970-018-0216-0.

20.Caffeine ingestion enhances Wingate performance: a meta-analysis.Grgic J. Eur J Sport Sci. 2018;18(2):219-225. doi:10.1080/17461391.2017.1394371.

21.The acute effects of a caffeine-containing supplement on strength, muscular endurance, and anaerobic capabilities.Beck TW, Housh TJ, Schmidt RJ, Johnson GO, Housh DJ, Coburn JW, Malek MH. Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Human Performance Laboratory, University of Nebraska-Lincoln. J Strength Cond Res. 2006 Aug;20(3):506-10. 

22.Effect of caffeine ingestion on muscular strength and endurance: a meta-analysis.Warren GL, Park ND, Maresca RD, McKibans KI, Millard-Stafford ML. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2010;42(7):1375-1387. doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181cabbd8.

23.Acute effect of caffeine consumption on isotonic muscular strength and endurance: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Polito MD, Souza DB, Casonatto J, Farinatti P. Sci Sports. 2016;31(3):119-128. doi:10.1016/J.SCISPO.2016.01.006.

24.The acute effects of a caffeine-containing supplement on strength, muscular endurance, and anaerobic capabilities.Beck TW, Housh TJ, Schmidt RJ, Johnson GO, Housh DJ, Coburn JW, Malek MH. Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Human Performance Laboratory, University of Nebraska-Lincoln. J Strength Cond Res. 2006 Aug;20(3):506-10. 

25.Effect of caffeine on sport-specific endurance performance: a systematic review.Ganio MS, Klau JF, Casa DJ, Armstrong LE, Maresh CM. J Strength Cond Res. 2009;23(1):315-324. doi:10.1519/JSC.0b013e31818b979a.

26.Establishing a relationship between the effect of caffeine and duration of endurance athletic time trial events: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Shen JG, Brooks MB, Cincotta J, Manjourides JD. J Sci Med Sport. 2019;22(2):232-238. doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2018.07.022.

27.The Effect of Acute Caffeine Ingestion on Endurance Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Southward K, Rutherfurd-Markwick KJ, Ali A. [published correction appears in Sports Med. 2018 Aug 9;:]. Sports Med. 2018;48(8):1913-1928. doi:10.1007/s40279-018-0939-8.

28.The effects of different doses of caffeine on endurance cycling time trial performance.Desbrow B, Biddulph C, Devlin B, Grant GD, Anoopkumar-Dukie S, Leveritt MD. J Sports Sci. 2012;30(2):115-120. doi:10.1080/02640414.2011.632431.

29.Effect of caffeine on sport-specific endurance performance: a systematic review.Ganio MS, Klau JF, Casa DJ, Armstrong LE, Maresh CM. J Strength Cond Res. 2009;23(1):315-324. doi:10.1519/JSC.0b013e31818b979a.

30.A review of caffeine’s effects on cognitive, physical and occupational performance.McLellan TM, Caldwell JA, Lieberman HR. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2016;71:294-312. doi:10.1016/J.NEUBIOREV.2016.09.001. 

31.International society of sports nutrition position stand: caffeine and exercise performance.Guest NS, VanDusseldorp TA, Nelson MT, et al. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2021;18(1). doi:10.1186/S12970-020-00383-4. 

32.L-Theanine reduces psychological and physiological stress responses.Kimura K, Ozeki M, Juneja LR, Ohira H. Biol Psychol. 2007;74(1):39-45. doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2006.06.006.

33.In Search of a Safe Natural Sleep Aid.Rao TP, Ozeki M, Juneja LR. J Am Coll Nutr. 2015;34(5):436-447. doi:10.1080/07315724.2014.926153.

34.Psychological effects of dietary components of tea: caffeine and L-theanine.Bryan J. School of Psychology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, 5001, South Australia, Australia. Nutr Rev. 2008 Feb;66(2):82-90. 

35.L-theanine and caffeine improve task switching but not intersensory attention or subjective alertness.Einöther SJ, Martens VE, Rycroft JA, De Bruin EA. Sensation, Perception & Behaviour, Unilever R&D Vlaardingen, Vlaardingen, The Netherlands. Appetite. 2010 Apr;54(2):406-9. 

36.The effects of L-theanine on alpha-band oscillatory brain activity during a visuo-spatial attention task.Gomez-Ramirez M, Kelly SP, Montesi JL, Foxe JJ. Program in Cognitive Neuroscience and Schizophrenia, The Cognitive Neurophysiology Laboratory, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA. Brain Topogr. 2009 Jun;22(1):44-51. 

37.l-Theanine and caffeine improve target-specific attention to visual stimuli by decreasing mind wandering: a human functional magnetic resonance imaging study.Kahathuduwa CN, Dhanasekara CS, Chin S-H, et al. Nutr Res. 2018;49:67-78. doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2017.11.002.

38.L-theanine promotes nitric oxide production in endothelial cells through eNOS phosphorylation.Siamwala JH, Dias PM, Majumder S, Joshi MK, Sinkar VP, Banerjee G, Chatterjee S. Vascular Biology Lab, AU-KBC Research Centre, Anna University, MIT Campus, Chennai, India. J Nutr Biochem. 2013 Mar;24(3):595-605. 

39.Nitric oxide synthases: regulation and function (Articulo de revision).Förstermann U, Sessa WC. Eur Heart J. 2012;33(7):829-837, 837a-837d. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehr304.

40.Vascular nitric oxide: Beyond eNOS.Zhao Y, Vanhoutte PM, Leung SWS. J Pharmacol Sci. 2015;129(2):83-94. doi:10.1016/j.jphs.2015.09.002.

41.Citrulline malate enhances athletic anaerobic performance and relieves muscle soreness.Pérez-Guisado J, Jakeman PM. Department of Medicine, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain. J Strength Cond Res. 2010 May;24(5):1215-22. 

42.Acute citrulline malate supplementation improves upper- and lower-body submaximal weightlifting exercise performance in resistance-trained females.Glenn JM, Gray M, Wethington LN, Stone MS, Stewart RW, Moyen NE. Eur J Nutr. 2017;56(2):775-784. doi:10.1007/s00394-015-1124-6.

43.Acute citrulline-malate supplementation improves maximal strength and anaerobic power in female, masters athletes tennis players.Glenn JM, Gray M, Jensen A, Stone MS, Vincenzo JL. Eur J Sport Sci. 2016;16(8):1095-1103. doi:10.1080/17461391.2016.1158321.

44.Citrulline malate enhances athletic anaerobic performance and relieves muscle soreness.Pérez-Guisado J, Jakeman PM. Department of Medicine, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain. J Strength Cond Res. 2010 May;24(5):1215-22. 

45.Citrulline/malate promotes aerobic energy production in human exercising muscle.Bendahan D, Mattei JP, Ghattas B, Confort-Gouny S, Le Guern ME, Cozzone PJ. Centre de Résonance Magnétique Biologique et Médicale, Faculté de Médecine de la Timone, France. Br J Sports Med. 2002 Aug;36(4):282-9. 

46.Oral L-citrulline supplementation enhances cycling time trial performance in healthy trained men: Double-blind randomized placebo-controlled 2-way crossover study.Suzuki T, Morita M, Kobayashi Y, Kamimura A. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2016;13:6. doi:10.1186/s12970-016-0117-z.

47.Influence of oral beta-alanine and L-histidine supplementation on the carnosine content of the gluteus medius.Dunnett M, Harris RC. Department of Veterinary Basic Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, UK. Equine Vet J Suppl. 1999 Jul;(30):499-504. 

48.The biological role of carnosine and its possible applications in medicine.Budzeń S, Rymaszewska J. Adv Clin Exp Med. 22(5):739-744.

49.beta-Alanine supplementation augments muscle carnosine content and attenuates fatigue during repeated isokinetic contraction bouts in trained sprinters.Derave W, Ozdemir MS, Harris RC, Pottier A, Reyngoudt H, Koppo K, Wise JA, Achten E. Dept. of Movement and Sport Sciences, Ghent Univ, Belgium. J Appl Physiol. 2007 Nov;103(5):1736-43. 

50.Effects of beta-alanine supplementation on the onset of neuromuscular fatigue and ventilatory threshold in women.Stout JR, Cramer JT, Zoeller RF, Torok D, Costa P, Hoffman JR, Harris RC, O’Kroy J. Department of Health and Exercise Science, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA. Amino Acids. 2007;32(3):381-6. 

51.The effect of beta-alanine supplementation on neuromuscular fatigue in elderly (55-92 Years): a double-blind randomized study.Stout JR, Graves BS, Smith AE, Hartman MJ, Cramer JT, Beck TW, Harris RC. Department of Health and Exercise Science, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2008 Nov 7;5:21. 

52.Short-duration beta-alanine supplementation increases training volume and reduces subjective feelings of fatigue in college football players.Hoffman JR, Ratamess NA, Faigenbaum AD, Ross R, Kang J, Stout JR, Wise JA. Department of Health and Exercise Science, The College of New Jersey, Ewing, NJ, USA. Nutr Res. 2008 Jan;28(1):31-5. 

53.Influence of beta-alanine supplementation on skeletal muscle carnosine concentrations and high intensity cycling capacity.Hill CA, Harris RC, Kim HJ, Harris BD, Sale C, Boobis LH, Kim CK, Wise JA. School of Sports, Exercise & Health Sciences, University of Chichester, Chichester, UK. Amino Acids. 2007 Feb;32(2):225-33. 

54.Effect of β-alanine plus sodium bicarbonate on high-intensity cycling capacity.Sale C, Saunders B, Hudson S, Wise JA, Harris RC, Sunderland CD. Biomedical, Life and Health Sciences Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2011 Oct;43(10):1972-8. 

55.Six weeks of high-intensity interval training with and without beta-alanine supplementation for improving cardiovascular fitness in women.Walter AA, Smith AE, Kendall KL, Stout JR, Cramer JT. Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Health and Exercise Science, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA. J Strength Cond Res. 2010 May;24(5):1199-207. 

56.Effects of beta-alanine supplementation and high-intensity interval training on endurance performance and body composition in men; a double-blind trial.Smith AE, Walter AA, Graef JL, Kendall KL, Moon JR, Lockwood CM, Fukuda DH, Beck TW, Cramer JT, Stout JR. Metabolic and Body Composition Laboratory, Department of Health and Exercise Science, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2009 Feb 11;6:5. 

57.Effects of β-alanine supplementation on exercise performance: a meta-analysis.Hobson RM, Saunders B, Ball G, Harris RC, Sale C. Biomedical, Life and Health Sciences Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham, UK. Amino Acids. 2012 Jul;43(1):25-37. 

58.Effects of β-alanine supplementation on performance and body composition in collegiate wrestlers and football players.Kern BD, Robinson TL. Human Performance and Physical Education Department, Adams State College, Alamosa, Colorado, USA. J Strength Cond Res. 2011 Jul;25(7):1804-15. 

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60.Effects of beta-alanine supplementation on the onset of neuromuscular fatigue and ventilatory threshold in women.Stout JR, Cramer JT, Zoeller RF, Torok D, Costa P, Hoffman JR, Harris RC, O’Kroy J. Department of Health and Exercise Science, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA. Amino Acids. 2007;32(3):381-6. 

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